| 1967 - 1972 | Theoretical Physics: M.Sc. equivalent |
|---|---|
| Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles' University, Prague, Czechoslovakia | |
| 1972 - 1975 | Graduate study: Theoretical Solid State Physics: Ph.D. equivalent (1979) |
| Institute of Physics, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechoslovakia | |
| 1984 | A few computer science courses |
| University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada | |
| 1963 - 1967 | High school: Communication Electronics |
| Electrotechnical Secondary School, Pardubice, Czechoslovakia |